1: College English Test Band 6, Part 2, Listening
(大学英语六级考试第二部分 听力)
2: Comprehension.
(理解。)
3: Section A, Directions.
(A 部分，方向。)
4: In this section, you will hear two long
(在本节中，你将听到两个长)
5: conversations.
(对话。)
6: At the end of each conversation, you will
(每次对话结束时，你将)
7: hear four questions.
(听四个问题。)
8: Both the conversations and the questions will be
(对话和问题都将)
9: spoken only once.
(只讲过一次。)
10: After you hear a question, you must choose
(听完问题后你必须选择)
11: the best answer from the four choices marked
(标记的四个选项中的最佳答案)
12: A, B, C and D.
(A、B、C 和 D。)
13: Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet
(然后在答题纸上标记相应的字母)
14: 1 with a single line through the centre.
(1 一条线穿过中心。)
15: Conversation 1.
(对话 1。)
16: Guess what?
(猜猜怎么着？)
17: The worst food I ever had was in
(我吃过的最糟糕的食物是)
18: France.
(法国。)
19: Really?
(真的吗？)
20: That's odd.
(这很奇怪。)
21: I thought the French were all good cooks.
(我以为法国人都是好厨师。)
22: Yes, that's right.
(是的，没错。)
23: I suppose it's really like anywhere else though.
(我想它确实和其他地方一样。)
24: You know, some places are good, some bad.
(你知道，有些地方好，有些地方坏。)
25: But it's really all our own fault.
(但这确实都是我们自己的错。)
26: What do you mean?
(你是什么意思？)
27: Well, it was the first time I'd been
(嗯，这是我第一次)
28: to France.
(去法国。)
29: This was years ago when I was at
(这是几年前的事了，当时我在)
30: school.
(学校。)
31: I went there with my parents' friends from
(我和我父母的朋友一起去了那里)
32: my father's school.
(我父亲的学校。)
33: They'd hired a coach to take them to
(他们雇了一辆长途汽车送他们去)
34: Switzerland.
(瑞士。)
35: A school trip?
(学校旅行？)
36: Right.
(正确的。)
37: Most of them had never been abroad before.
(他们中的大多数人此前从未出过国。)
38: We'd crossed the English Channel at night and
(我们夜间穿越了英吉利海峡，)
39: we set off through France.
(我们出发穿越法国。)
40: And breakfast time arrived and the coach driver
(早餐时间到了，旅游车司机)
41: had arranged for us to stop at this
(安排我们停在这里)
42: little cafe.
(小咖啡馆。)
43: There we all were, tired and hungry, and
(我们大家都又累又饿，)
44: then we made the great discovery.
(然后我们有了伟大的发现。)
45: What was that?
(那是什么？)
46: Bacon and eggs.
(培根和鸡蛋。)
47: Fantastic!
(极好的！)
48: The real English breakfast.
(真正的英式早餐。)
49: Yes.
(是的。)
50: Anyway, we didn't know any better.
(无论如何，我们不知道还有什么更好的办法。)
51: So we had it and...
(所以我们就有了它并且...)
52: What was it like?
(那感觉怎么样？)
53: Disgusting?
(恶心吗？)
54: Oh, it was incredible.
(噢，真是难以置信。)
55: They just got a bowl and put some
(他们只是拿了一个碗，放了一些)
56: fat in it.
(其中含有脂肪。)
57: And then they put some bacon in the
(然后他们把一些培根放进去)
58: fat, broke an egg over the top, and
(脂肪，在上面打了一个鸡蛋，)
59: put the whole lot in the oven for
(把所有东西放进烤箱)
60: about ten minutes.
(大约十分钟。)
61: In the oven?
(在烤箱里？)
62: You're joking.
(你在开玩笑吧。)
63: You can't cook bacon and eggs in the
(你不能在)
64: oven.
(烤箱。)
65: Well, they must have done it that way.
(嗯，他们一定是这么做的。)
66: It was hot, but it wasn't cooked.
(虽然很热，但是还没煮熟。)
67: There was just this egg floating about in
(只有一颗蛋漂浮在)
68: gallons of fat and raw bacon.
(加仑的脂肪和生培根。)
69: Did you actually eat it?
(你真吃了嗎？)
70: No, nobody did.
(没有，没人这么做。)
71: They all wanted to turn round and go
(他们都想转身离开)
72: home.
(家。)
73: You know, back to tea bags and fish
(你知道，回到茶包和鱼)
74: and chips.
(和薯片。)
75: You can't blame them, really.
(确实，你不能责怪他们。)
76: Anyway, the next night we were all given
(无论如何，第二天晚上我们都得到了)
77: another foreign speciality.
(另一项外国特产。)
78: What was that?
(那是什么？)
79: Snails.
(蜗牛。)
80: That really finished them off.
(这才真正把他们打败了。)
81: Lovely holiday that was.
(真是一个愉快的假期。)
82: What did the man think of his holiday
(这位男士对他的假期有什么看法)
83: in France?
(在法国？)
84: Conversation 2 You say your shop has been
(对话 2 你说你的商店已经)
85: doing well.
(做得很好。)
86: Could you give me some idea of what
(你能告诉我什么)
87: doing well means in facts and figures?
(做得好意味着有事实和数据吗？)
88: Well, doing well means averaging 1,200 pounds
(嗯，表现好意味着平均体重 1200 磅)
89: or more a week for about seven years,
(每周或更多，持续了大约七年，)
90: making almost a quarter of a million pounds.
(赚了将近25万英镑。)
91: And doing well means your earnings are rising.
(做得好意味着你的收入会增加。)
92: Last year we did slightly over 50,000
(去年我们完成了 50,000 多件)
93: and this year we hope to do more
(今年我们希望做更多)
94: than 60,000.
(超过6万。)
95: So that's good if we continue to rise.
(所以如果我们继续上涨那就好了。)
96: Now, that's gross earnings, I assume.
(现在，我想这就是总收入。)
97: What about your expenses?
(你的开支怎么样？)
98: Yes, that's gross.
(是的，太恶心了。)
99: The expenses, of course, go up steadily.
(当然，费用也在稳步上升。)
100: And since we've moved to this new shop,
(自从我们搬到这个新店以来，)
101: the expenses have increased greatly because it's a
(费用大幅增加，因为这是)
102: much bigger shop.
(更大的商店。)
103: So I couldn't say exactly what our expenses
(所以我不能确切地说出我们的开支)
104: are.
(是。)
105: There's something in the region of six or
(大约有六到)
106: seven thousand pounds a year, which is not
(每年七千英镑，这并不算什么，)
107: high.
(高的。)
108: Commercially speaking, it's fairly low and we try
(从商业角度来说，这个数字相当低，我们尝试)
109: to keep our expenses as low as we
(尽量降低我们的开支)
110: can.
(能。)
111: And your prices are much lower than the
(而且你们的价格比)
112: same goods in shops round about.
(周围商店里有同样的商品。)
113: How do the local shopkeepers feel about having
(当地店主对此有何感受)
114: a shop doing so well in their midst?
(在他们中间有一家生意这么好的商店？)
115: Perhaps a lot of them don't realize how
(也许很多人没有意识到)
116: well we're doing because we don't make a
(因为我们不做)
117: point of publicizing.
(宣传点。)
118: That was a lesson we learned very early
(这是我们很早就学到的一个教训)
119: on.
(在。)
120: We were very friendly with all local shopkeepers
(我们和所有当地店主都很友好)
121: and we happened to mention to a local
(我们碰巧向当地人提到)
122: shopkeeper how much we had made that week.
(店主那一周我们赚了多少钱。)
123: He was very unhappy and never as friendly
(他很不开心，而且从来没那么友好)
124: again.
(再次。)
125: So we make a point of never publicizing
(所以我们坚决不宣传)
126: the amount of money we make.
(我们赚的钱的数量。)
127: But we're on very good terms with all
(但我们与所有人都保持着良好的关系)
128: the shops.
(商店。)
129: None of them have ever complained that we're
(他们从来没有抱怨过我们)
130: putting them out of business or anything like
(让他们破产或类似的事情)
131: that.
(那。)
132: I think it's a nice friendly relationship.
(我认为这是一种良好的友好关系。)
133: Maybe if they did know what we made,
(如果他们知道我们做了什么，)
134: perhaps they wouldn't be so friendly.
(他们或许不会那么友好。)
135: Questions five to eight are based on the
(问题五至八基于)
136: conversation you have just heard.
(您刚才听到的对话。)
137: Question five.
(问题五。)
138: What are the speakers mainly talking about?
(演讲者主要谈论什么？)
139: Question six.
(问题六。)
140: What does the woman say her shop tries
(女人说她的商店尝试了什么)
141: to do?
(做什么？)
142: Question seven.
(第七问题。)
143: What do we learn about the goods sold
(我们对所售商品了解多少)
144: at the woman's shop?
(在那个女人的商店里？)
145: Question eight.
(第八题。)
146: Why doesn't the woman want to make known
(为什么女人不愿意让大家知道)
147: their earnings anymore?
(他们还能赚钱吗？)
148: Section B.
(B 部分。)
149: Directions.
(方向。)
150: In this section, you will hear two passages.
(在这一部分中，您将听到两段文字。)
151: At the end of each passage, you will
(在每篇文章的结尾，你将)
152: hear three or four questions.
(听到三到四个问题。)
153: Both the passage and the questions will be
(文章和问题都将)
154: spoken only once.
(只讲过一次。)
155: After you hear a question, you must choose
(听完问题后你必须选择)
156: the best answer from the four choices marked
(标记的四个选项中的最佳答案)
157: A, B, C, and D.
(A、B、C 和 D。)
158: Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet
(然后在答题纸上标记相应的字母)
159: one with a single line through the center.
(一条线穿过中心。)
160: Passage one.
(第一段落。)
161: Birds are famous for carrying things around.
(鸟类因携带物品而闻名。)
162: Some, like homing pigeons, can be trained to
(有些动物，比如信鸽，可以训练)
163: deliver messages and packages.
(传递信息和包裹。)
164: Other birds unknowingly carry seeds that cling to
(其他鸟类在不知情的情况下携带种子，这些种子会附着在)
165: them for the ride.
(让他们一起骑行。)
166: Canadian scientists have found a worrisome new example
(加拿大科学家发现了一个令人担忧的新例子)
167: of the power that birds have to spread
(鸟类传播的力量)
168: stuff around.
(周围的东西。)
169: Way up north in the Canadian Arctic, seabirds
(在加拿大北极地区，海鸟)
170: are picking up dangerous chemicals in the ocean
(正在吸收海洋中的危险化学物质)
171: and delivering them to ponds near where the
(并将它们送到附近的池塘)
172: birds live.
(鸟儿生活。)
173: Some 10,000 pairs of the birds, called
(大约有 10,000 对这种鸟，被称为)
174: fulmars, a kind of Arctic seabird, make their
(暴风鹱是一种北极海鸟，它们的)
175: nests on Devon Island, north of the Arctic
(在北极北部的德文岛上筑巢)
176: Circle.
(圆圈。)
177: The fulmars travel some 400 kilometers over the
(暴风鹱飞行约 400 公里)
178: sea to find food.
(出海寻找食物。)
179: When they return home, their droppings end up
(当它们回到家时，它们的粪便最终)
180: all around their nesting sites, including in nearby
(筑巢地点周围，包括附近的)
181: ponds.
(池塘。)
182: Previously, scientists noticed pollutants arriving in the Arctic
(此前，科学家注意到污染物抵达北极)
183: with the wind.
(随风。)
184: Salmon also carry dangerous chemicals as the fish
(三文鱼还携带危险化学物质，因为鱼)
185: migrate between rivers and the sea.
(在河流和海洋之间迁徙。)
186: The bodies of fish and other meat-eaters
(鱼类和其他肉食动物的尸体)
187: can build up high levels of the chemicals.
(会导致化学物质浓度升高。)
188: To test the polluting power of fulmars, researchers
(为了测试暴风鹱的污染能力，研究人员)
189: collected samples of deposit from 11 ponds on
(收集了11个池塘的沉积物样本)
190: Devon Island.
(德文岛。)
191: In ponds closest to the colony, the results
(在离蜂群最近的池塘里，结果)
192: showed there were far more pollutants than in
(表明污染物比)
193: ponds less affected by the birds.
(池塘受鸟类的影响较小。)
194: The pollutants in the ponds appear to come
(池塘里的污染物似乎来自)
195: from fish that fulmars eat when they're out
(来自暴风鹱外出时吃的鱼)
196: on the ocean.
(在海洋上。)
197: People who live, hunt or fish near bird
(在鸟类附近生活、狩猎或捕鱼的人)
198: colonies need to be careful, the researchers say.
(研究人员表示，殖民地需要小心。)
199: The birds don't mean to cause harm, but
(这些鸟并不想造成伤害，但是)
200: the chemicals they carry can cause major problems.
(它们携带的化学物质可能会引发严重问题。)
201: Questions 9 to 12 are based on the
(问题 9 至 12 基于)
202: passage you have just heard.
(您刚刚听到的段落。)
203: Question 9.
(问题 9.)
204: What have Canadian scientists found about some seabirds?
(加拿大科学家对某些海鸟有何发现？)
205: Question 10.
(问题 10.)
206: What does the speaker say about the seabirds
(演讲者对海鸟说了什么)
207: called fulmars?
(叫做暴风鹱？)
208: Question 11.
(问题 11.)
209: What did scientists previously notice about pollutants in
(科学家之前注意到了什么污染物)
210: the Arctic?
(北极？)
211: Question 12.
(问题 12.)
212: What does the speaker warn about at the
(演讲者在)
213: end of the talk?
(谈话结束了吗？)
214: Passage 2.
(段落2。)
215: In recent years, the death rate among American
(近年来，美国人的死亡率)
216: centenarians, people who have lived to age 100
(百岁老人，活到 100 岁的人)
217: or older, has decreased, dropping 14% for
(或以上，有所下降，下降了 14%)
218: women and 20% for men from 2008
(自 2008 年起，女性占比为 20%，男性占比为 20%)
219: to 2014.
(至2014年。)
220: The leading causes of death in this age
(这个时代的主要死亡原因)
221: group are also changing.
(群体也在发生变化。)
222: In 2000, the top five causes of death
(2000 年，五大死亡原因)
223: for centenarians were heart disease, stroke, flu, cancer
(百岁老人的常见疾病有心脏病、中风、流感、癌症)
224: and Alzheimer's disease.
(和阿尔茨海默病。)
225: But by 2014, the death rate from Alzheimer's
(但到 2014 年，阿尔茨海默病的死亡率)
226: disease for this age group had more than
(该年龄组患病人数超过)
227: doubled, increasing from 3.8% to 8
(翻了一番，从 3.8% 增加到 8)
228: .5%, making the progressive brain disease the second
(5%，使进行性脑病成为第二大)
229: leading cause of death for centenarians.
(百岁老人死亡的主要原因。)
230: One reason for the rise in deaths from
(死亡人数上升的原因之一)
231: Alzheimer's disease in this group may be that
(这一群体的阿尔茨海默病可能是)
232: developing this condition remains possible even after people
(即使在人们)
233: beat the odds of dying from other diseases,
(降低死于其他疾病的几率，)
234: such as cancer.
(例如癌症。)
235: People physically fit enough to survive over 100
(身体健康到可以活过 100)
236: years ultimately give in to diseases, such as
(最终死于疾病，例如)
237: Alzheimer's, which affects the mind and cognitive function.
(阿尔茨海默氏症会影响心智和认知功能。)
238: In other words, it appears their minds give
(换句话说，他们的思想似乎给予)
239: out before their bodies do.
(在他们的身体消失之前)
240: On the other hand, the death rate from
(另一方面，死亡率)
241: flu dropped from 7.4% in 2000
(流感发病率从 2000 年的 7.4% 下降)
242: to 4.1% in 2014.
(至 2014 年为 4.1%。)
243: That pushed flu from the third leading cause
(这使得流感成为第三大死亡原因)
244: of death to the fifth.
(死亡达到第五位。)
245: Overall, the total number of centenarians is going
(总体而言，百岁老人总数正在)
246: up.
(向上。)
247: In 2014, there were 72,197 centenarians, compared
(2014 年，百岁老人数量达到 72,197 人，而)
248: to 50,281 in 2000.
(2000 年增至 50,281 人。)
249: But because this population is getting larger, the
(但由于人口不断增长，)
250: number of deaths in this group is also
(这组死亡人数也)
251: increasing.
(增加。)
252: 18,434 centenarians died in 2000, whereas 25
(2000 年有 18,434 名百岁老人去世，而 25)
253: ,914 died in 2014.
(2014 年有 914 人死亡。)
254: Questions 13 to 15 are based on the
(问题 13 至 15 基于)
255: passage you have just heard.
(您刚刚听到的段落。)
256: Question 13.
(问题 13.)
257: What does the speaker say about the risk
(演讲者对风险有何看法)
258: of dying for American centenarians in recent years?
(近年来美国百岁老人的死亡人数有多少？)
259: Question 14.
(问题 14.)
260: What does the speaker say about Alzheimer's disease?
(演讲者对阿尔茨海默病有何看法？)
261: Question 15.
(问题 15.)
262: What is characteristic of people who live up
(生活在)
263: to 100 years and beyond?
(100 年甚至更久？)
264: Section C.
(C 部分。)
265: Directions.
(方向。)
266: In this section, you will hear three recordings
(在这一部分，你将听到三段录音)
267: of lectures or talks, followed by three or
(讲座或演讲，随后三到)
268: four questions.
(四个问题。)
269: The recordings will be played only once.
(录音只会播放一次。)
270: After you hear a question, you must choose
(听完问题后你必须选择)
271: the best answer from the four choices marked
(标记的四个选项中的最佳答案)
272: A, B, C and D.
(A、B、C 和 D。)
273: Then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet
(然后在答题纸上标记相应的字母)
274: 1, with a single line through the centre.
(1、一条线穿过中心。)
275: Recording 1.
(录音1。)
276: OK, so let's get started.
(好的，我们开始吧。)
277: And to start things off, I think what
(首先，我想)
278: we need to do is consider a definition.
(我们需要做的是考虑一个定义。)
279: I'm going to define what love is, but
(我要定义爱是什么，但是)
280: then most of the experiments I'm going to
(然后我要做的大多数实验)
281: talk about are really focused more on attraction
(谈论的重点其实更多的是吸引力)
282: than love.
(比爱。)
283: And I'm going to pick a definition from
(我将从中选择一个定义)
284: a former colleague, Robert Sternberg, who is now
(前同事罗伯特·斯特恩伯格 (Robert Sternberg)，现在)
285: the Dean at Tufts University, but was here
(塔夫茨大学的院长，但在这里)
286: on our faculty at Yale for nearly 30
(在耶鲁大学任教近 30 年)
287: years.
(年。)
288: And he has a theory of love that
(他有一个关于爱情的理论)
289: argues that it's made up of three components,
(认为它由三个部分组成，)
290: intimacy, passion and commitment, or what is sometimes
(亲密、激情和承诺，或者有时)
291: called decision commitment.
(称为决策承诺。)
292: And these are relatively straightforward.
(这些都相对简单。)
293: He argued that you don't have love if
(他认为，如果你)
294: you don't have all three of these elements.
(你并不具备这三个要素。)
295: Intimacy is the feeling of closeness, of connectedness
(亲密是一种亲近、联系的感觉)
296: with someone, of bonding.
(与某人建立联系。)
297: Operationally, you could think of intimacy as you
(从操作上来说，你可以把亲密关系想象成你)
298: share secrets, you share information with this person
(分享秘密，你与此人分享信息)
299: that you don't share with anybody else.
(你不会与任何人分享。)
300: OK, that's really what intimacy is, the bond
(好吧，这才是真正的亲密关系，一种纽带)
301: that comes from sharing information that isn't shared
(来自于分享不共享的信息)
302: with other people.
(和其他人一起。)
303: The second element is passion.
(第二个要素是激情。)
304: Passion is the drive that leads to romance.
(激情是引发浪漫的动力。)
305: You can think of it as physical attraction.
(您可以将其视为身体吸引力。)
306: And Sternberg argues that this is a required
(斯特恩伯格认为，这是必需的)
307: component of a love relationship.
(爱情关系的组成部分。)
308: The third element of love in Sternberg's theory
(斯滕伯格理论中的爱情第三要素)
309: is what he calls decision commitment.
(这就是他所说的决策承诺。)
310: The decision that one is in a love
(一个人陷入爱情的决定)
311: relationship, the willingness to label it as such,
(关系，愿意给它贴上这样的标签，)
312: and a commitment to maintain that relationship, at
(并承诺维持这种关系，)
313: least for some period of time.
(至少在一段时间内。)
314: Sternberg would argue it's not love if you
(斯滕伯格认为，如果你)
315: don't call it love, and if you don't
(不要称之为爱，如果你不)
316: have some desire to maintain the relationship.
(有维持关系的愿望。)
317: So if you have all three of these,
(如果你拥有这三样东西，)
318: intimacy, passion and commitment, in Sternberg's theory you
(亲密、激情和承诺，在斯滕伯格的理论中)
319: have love.
(有爱。)
320: Now what's interesting about the theory is what
(这个理论的有趣之处在于)
321: do you have if you only have one
(如果你只有一个，你)
322: out of three, or two out of three?
(三分之一，还是三分之二？)
323: What do you have and how is it
(你有什么以及它怎么样)
324: different if you have a different two out
(如果你有两个不同的)
325: of three?
(三人之中？)
326: What's interesting about this kind of theorising is
(这种理论的有趣之处在于)
327: it gives rise to many different combinations that
(它会产生许多不同的组合)
328: can be quite interesting when you break them
(当你打破它们时会很有趣)
329: down and start to look at them carefully.
(下来并开始仔细观察它们。)
330: So what I've done is I've taken Sternberg's
(所以我采取了 Sternberg 的)
331: three elements of love, intimacy, passion and commitment,
(爱情的三大要素：亲密、激情和承诺，)
332: and I've listed out the different kinds of
(我列出了不同类型的)
333: relationships you would have if you had zero,
(如果你没有关系，)
334: one, two or three out of the three
(三者中有一、二或三者)
335: elements.
(元素。)
336: Questions 16 to 18 are based on the
(问题 16 至 18 基于)
337: recording you have just heard.
(您刚刚听到的录音。)
338: Question 16.
(问题 16.)
339: What does the speaker say about most of
(演讲者对大多数)
340: the experiments mentioned in his talk?
(他在演讲中提到的实验？)
341: Question 17.
(问题 17.)
342: What does Robert Sternberg argue about love?
(罗伯特·斯腾伯格对于爱情有何看法？)
343: Question 18.
(问题 18.)
344: What question does the speaker think is interesting
(演讲者认为什么问题有趣)
345: about Sternberg's three elements of love?
(关于斯滕伯格的爱情三要素？)
346: Recording 2.
(录音2。)
347: Hi, I'm Elizabeth Hoffler, Master of Social Work.
(你好，我是伊丽莎白霍夫勒 (Elizabeth Hoffler)，社会工作硕士。)
348: I'm a social worker, a lobbyist, and a
(我是一名社会工作者、一名说客，也是一名)
349: special assistant to the executive director at the
(执行主任特别助理)
350: National Association of Social Workers.
(全国社会工作者协会。)
351: Today, we're going to be talking about becoming
(今天，我们要讨论的是)
352: a social worker.
(一名社会工作者。)
353: Social work is the helping profession.
(社会工作是助人为乐的职业。)
354: Its primary mission is to enhance human well
(其主要使命是增进人类福祉)
355: -being and help meet the basic needs of
(- 帮助满足基本需求)
356: all people, with a particular focus on those
(所有人，尤其是那些)
357: who are vulnerable, oppressed, and living in poverty.
(他们是弱势群体，受压迫，生活贫困。)
358: We often deal with complex human needs.
(我们经常处理复杂的人类需求。)
359: Social work is different from other professions because
(社会工作不同于其他职业，因为)
360: we focus on the person and environment, we
(我们关注人与环境，我们)
361: deal with the external factors that impact a
(处理影响)
362: person's situation and outlook, and we create opportunity
(人的处境和观点，我们创造机会)
363: for assessment and intervention to help clients and
(进行评估和干预，以帮助客户和)
364: communities cope effectively with the reality and change
(社区有效应对现实和变化)
365: that reality when necessary.
(必要时，要意识到这一点。)
366: In thousands of ways, social workers help other
(社会工作者以成千上万种方式帮助他人)
367: people.
(人们。)
368: People from every age, every background, across the
(来自各个年龄段、各个背景的人们)
369: country.
(国家。)
370: Wherever needed, social workers come to help.
(哪里有需要，哪里就有社会工作者提供帮助。)
371: The most well-known aspect of the profession
(这个职业最广为人知的方面)
372: is that of a social safety net.
(是社会安全网。)
373: We help guide people to critical resources and
(我们帮助引导人们获得关键资源和)
374: counsel them on life-changing decisions.
(为他们提供改变人生的决定方面的建议。)
375: There are more than 600,000 professional social
(有超过 60 万专业社交)
376: workers in the country, and we all either
(全国的工人，我们所有人)
377: have a bachelor's degree, a master's degree, or
(拥有学士学位、硕士学位，或)
378: a Ph.D. in social work.
(社会工作博士学位。)
379: There are more clinically trained social workers than
(接受过临床培训的社会工作者比)
380: clinically trained psychiatrists, psychologists, and psychiatric nurses
(接受过临床培训的精神科医生、心理学家和精神科护士)
381: combined.
(合二为一。)
382: Throughout this series, you will learn more about
(通过本系列，您将详细了解)
383: the profession, the necessary steps to get a
(获得)
384: social work degree, the rich history of social
(社会工作学位，社会的丰富历史)
385: work, and the many ways that social workers
(工作，以及社会工作者)
386: help others.
(帮助别人。)
387: Later in this series, you'll hear from Stacy
(在本系列的后面，您将听到 Stacy)
388: Collins and Mel Wilson, fellow social workers at
(柯林斯和梅尔·威尔逊，)
389: the National Association of Social Workers.
(全国社会工作者协会。)
390: Stacy is going to walk you through the
(Stacy 将带你了解)
391: step-by-step process of becoming a social
(成为社会的一步步过程)
392: worker.
(工人。)
393: And Mel will tell you about the range
(Mel 会向你介绍)
394: of options you have once you get your
(一旦你得到你的)
395: social work degree, as well as the high
(社会工作学位，以及高)
396: standards of responsibility that social workers must adhere
(社会工作者必须遵守的责任标准)
397: to.
(到。)
398: The National Association of Social Workers represents nearly
(全国社会工作者协会代表近)
399: 145,000 social workers across the country.
(全国有14.5万名社会工作者。)
400: Our mission is to promote, protect, and advance
(我们的使命是促进、保护和推进)
401: the social work profession.
(社会工作专业。)
402: We hope you enjoy this series about how
(我们希望您喜欢本系列关于如何)
403: you can make a difference by becoming a
(你可以通过成为)
404: social worker.
(社会工作者。)
405: Next, we're going to talk about choosing social
(接下来，我们将讨论如何选择社交)
406: work.
(工作。)
407: Questions 19 to 22 are based on the
(问题 19 至 22 基于)
408: recording you have just heard.
(您刚刚听到的录音。)
409: Question 19.
(问题 19.)
410: What does the speaker mainly talk about?
(演讲者主要讲了什么内容？)
411: Question 20.
(问题 20.)
412: What do social workers mainly do?
(社工主要做什么的？)
413: Question 21.
(问题 21.)
414: What do professional social workers have in common,
(专业社会工作者有哪些共同点？)
415: according to the speaker?
(根据发言人的说法？)
416: Question 22.
(问题 22.)
417: What is Mel Wilson going to talk about
(梅尔·威尔逊要谈论什么)
418: in the series?
(在系列中？)
419: Recording 3.
(录音 3。)
420: Today, I'd like to talk about what happens
(今天我想谈谈发生的事情)
421: when celebrity role models get behind healthy habits,
(当名人榜样倡导健康习惯时，)
422: but at the same time promote junk food.
(但同时也推广垃圾食品。)
423: Currently, there's mounting criticism of Michelle Obama's Let's
(目前，对米歇尔·奥巴马的“让我们)
424: Move campaign, which fights childhood obesity by encouraging
(Move 运动旨在通过鼓励)
425: youngsters to become more physically active, and has
(年轻人变得更加活跃，并且)
426: signed on singer Beyonce and basketball player Shaquille
(签约歌手碧昂斯和篮球运动员沙奎尔)
427: O'Neal, both of whom also endorse sodas,
(奥尼尔也都是苏打水的代言人，)
428: which are a major contributor to the obesity
(这是导致肥胖的主要原因)
429: epidemic.
(流行性。)
430: Now, there's a lot more evidence of how
(现在，有更多证据表明)
431: powerful a celebrity, especially a professional athlete, can
(名人，尤其是职业运动员，可以)
432: be in influencing children's behaviour.
(影响孩子的行为。)
433: In a report published by the Rudd Centre
(在 Rudd Centre 发表的一份报告中)
434: for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University,
(耶鲁大学食品政策与肥胖学教授，)
435: researchers studied 100 professional athletes and their endorsement
(研究人员研究了 100 名职业运动员及其代言)
436: contracts.
(合同。)
437: The team focused on athletes, since they are
(该团队专注于运动员，因为他们)
438: theoretically the best role models for active, healthy
(理论上，积极、健康的最佳榜样)
439: lifestyles for children.
(适合儿童的生活方式。)
440: After sorting the deals by category, they determined
(在按类别对交易进行排序后，他们确定)
441: that among the 512 brands associated with the
(在与之相关的 512 个品牌中，)
442: athletes, most involved sporting goods, followed closely by
(运动员，其中涉及最多的是体育用品，其次是)
443: food and beverage brands.
(食品和饮料品牌。)
444: Sports drinks, which are often high in sugar
(运动饮料通常含糖量较高)
445: and calories, made up most of the food
(和卡路里，构成了食物的大部分)
446: and drink deals, with soft drinks and fast
(以及饮料优惠，包括软饮料和快餐)
447: food filling out the remainder.
(食物填补剩余部分。)
448: Of the 46 beverages endorsed by professional athletes,
(在职业运动员代言的 46 种饮料中，)
449: 93% relied exclusively on sugar for all
(93% 的人完全依赖糖)
450: of their calories.
(他们的卡路里。)
451: It's no surprise that high-profile athletes can
(知名运动员能够)
452: influence children's eating behaviours, but the scientists were
(影响儿童的饮食行为，但科学家们)
453: able to quantify how prevalent these endorsements are
(能够量化这些代言的普遍程度)
454: in the children's environment.
(在儿童的环境中。)
455: Advertisements featuring professional athletes and their endorsed products
(以职业运动员及其代言产品为特色的广告)
456: tend to get impressive exposure on TV, radio,
(往往会在电视、广播上获得令人印象深刻的曝光，)
457: in print and online.
(印刷版和在线版。)
458: And in 2010, the researchers reported that children
(2010 年，研究人员报告称，儿童)
459: ages 12 to 17 saw more athlete-endorsed
(12 至 17 岁的年龄段运动员代言的产品更多)
460: food and beverage brand commercials than adults.
(食品和饮料品牌广告比成年人更受欢迎。)
461: One reason any campaign wants a popular celebrity
(任何竞选活动都希望邀请知名明星的原因之一)
462: spokesperson is because kids are attracted to them
(代言人是因为孩子们被他们吸引)
463: no matter what they are doing.
(无论他们在做什么。)
464: We can't expect kids to turn off that
(我们不能指望孩子们关掉它)
465: admiration when the same person is selling sugar.
(而当同一个人在卖糖的时候，却产生了一种钦佩之情。)
466: At best, kids might be confused.
(最好的情况是，孩子们可能会感到困惑。)
467: At worst, they'll think the messages about soda
(最糟糕的情况是，他们会认为关于苏打水的信息)
468: are the same as the messages about water.
(与有关水的信息相同。)
469: But those two beverages aren't the same.
(但这两种饮料并不相同。)
470: If children are turning to athletes as role
(如果孩子们把运动员当成角色)
471: models, it's in their best interest if their
(模特，如果他们的)
472: idols are consistent.
(偶像是始终如一的。)
473: Consistent messaging of positive behaviours will show healthier
(持续传达积极行为的信息将展示更健康的)
474: lifestyles for kids to follow.
(孩子们应该遵循的生活方式。)
475: are based on the recording you have just
(是基于你刚刚的录音)
476: heard.
(听到。)
477: What is the aim of Michelle Obama's campaign?
(米歇尔·奥巴马的竞选目标是什么？)
478: What does research find about advertisements featuring professional
(关于专业广告的研究发现了什么)
479: athletes?
(运动员？)
480: What does the speaker think kids' idols should
(演讲者认为儿童偶像应该)
481: do?
(做？)
482: This is the end of Listening Comprehension.
(听力理解到此结束。)